SECTION 2 PREPARATION FOR A CRIME, CRIMINAL ATTEMPT AND
DISCONTINUATION OF A CRIME
Article 19. Preparation for a crime refers to the preparation
of the instruments or the creation of the conditions for a crime.
An offender who prepares for a crime may, in comparison with
one who completed the crime, be given a lighter or mitigated
punishment or be exempted from punishment.
Article 20. A criminal attempt refers to a case where an
offender has already begun to commit a crime but is prevented from
completing it for reasons independent of his will.
An offender who attempts to commit a crime may, in comparison with
one who completed the crime, be given a lighter or mitigated punishment.
Article 21. Discontinuation of a crime refers to cases where,
in the process of committing a crime, the offender voluntarily
discontinues the crime or voluntarily and effectively prevents the
consequences of the crime from occurring.
An offender who discontinues a crime shall be exempted from
punishment or be given a mitigated punishment.
SECTION 3 JOINT CRIMES
Article 22. A joint crime refers to an intentional crime
committed by two or more persons jointly.
A negligent crime committed by two or more persons jointly shall
not be punished as a joint crime; those who should bear criminal
responsibility shall be individually punished according to the crimes
they have committed.
Article 23. A principal criminal refers to any person who
organizes and leads a criminal group in carrying out criminal
activities or plays a principal role in a joint crime.
A principal criminal shall be given a heavier punishment unless
otherwise stipulated in the Specific Provisions of this Law.
Article 24. An accomplice refers to any person who plays a
secondary or auxiliary role in a joint crime.
An accomplice shall, in comparison with a principal criminal, be
given a lighter or mitigated punishment or be exempted from punishment.
Article 25. A person who is compelled or induced to
participate in a crime shall, according to the circumstances of his
crime and in comparison with an accomplice, be given a mitigated
punishment or be exempted from punishment.
Article 26. A person who instigates others to commit a crime
shall be punished according to the role he has played in the joint
crime. Anyone who instigates a person under the age of 18 to commit a
crime shall be given a heavier punishment.
If the instigated person has not committed the instigated
crime, the instigator may be given a lighter or mitigated punishment.
CHAPTER III PUNISHMENTS
SECTION 1 TYPES OF PUNISHMENTS
Article 27. Punishments are divided into principal
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